With filters, we can define query conditions and refine the results of a view. But what is a filter and how do filters work in Views? In this tutorial, you’ll learn:
- How to add and configure filter criteria to a view to refine results
- What configuration options are available for filter criteria operators
- How filter groups allow you to group and order filter criteria to achieve desired results
By the end of this lesson, you should understand how to use and configure filter criteria in Views to refine the results of your view. (Note: We’ll cover exposed filters in Overview: Exposed Filter Criteria in Views)
Goal
- Understand how you can refine the results of your view by adding and configuring filter criteria and filter groups through the Views UI.
Prerequisites
Examples and screenshots in this tutorial are from the demo site we set up in:
If you are new to Views, check out these Drupal User Guide tutorials:
Explore filter criteria in Views UI
The Filter Criteria section of the Views UI contains all filter criteria that added to your view. Filters allow you to refine the results of your view by adding conditions to the query that you’re building using Views UI.
To add a condition to your query, add a filter and configure an operator and value. Each time you add a filter, you refine the results of your view. Your list will contain data that matches the conditions defined through filter criteria.
If you are familiar with MySQL, it may be helpful to know that filter criteria are the WHERE clause of the query that Views builds.
On the edit screen for a view, the Filter Criteria section appears beneath the Fields section and above the Sort Criteria section.
Every field added to our content types, users, or other entities is available to add as a filter criteria to a view (most of the time). To illustrate, here is a side-by-side comparison of the fields added to our demo site’s Baseball Player content type next to a list of available filter criteria in this content view.
Configuration options for filters
Filter criteria have two main configurable options:
- Value: The value to use in the field table lookup
- Operator: The method of comparison used in the field table lookup
Here is an example of a filter criteria configuration. The filter criteria shown below would limit our list of content to show content where the value of the field_player_height field is less than or equal to 50 (inches).
Here is another example of a filter criteria configuration. In this example, the filter criteria would limit our list to show content that belongs to the content type, Player.
Expose this filter?
Another option for configuring a filter criterion is to expose the filter. This means that the user can use a form to change the filter values and refine the list for themselves. See the related tutorial Expose Filter Criteria to Users in Views.
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